According to Guinness World Records, the first person charged with speeding was Walter Arnold from Paddock Wood, Kent. On 28 January 1896, Arnold was seen going 4 times the allowed 2 mph speed limit in his Benz. The constable pursued him on his bicycle, issuing a ticket for £4 7s (roughly £260 in today’s money), of which 10 shillings was for speeding.
I’m guessing this speed limit was an anti-car measure at the time. No reason to use a car if bicycles (and even walking) are faster.